Der heilige Albert von Jerusalem, Gesetzgeber des Karmel

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Festtag - 17. September

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Über die Geburt Alberts sind nur wenige Fakten bekannt. Die ersten biografischen Daten stammen von den Kanonikern von Mortara. Albert trat um 1170 in diesen Orden ein. Um 1180 begann Albert, Verbindungen zum Papst und zur römischen Kurie aufzubauen. Zwischen 1181 und 1183 unternahm er im Auftrag von Alexander III. und Lucio III. zwei Missionen. Im folgenden Jahr wurde er zum Bischof ernannt.

Er war 20 Jahre lang Bischof von Vercelli, war aber weiterhin im Auftrag der Päpste in der Diplomatie tätig. Ein Teil seiner Arbeit bestand in der Beilegung von Konflikten zwischen Menschen oder Städten. Aber er war auch auf dem Gebiet der Gesetzgebung und der Organisationsstruktur sehr aktiv. Diese Gaben stellte er schließlich in den Dienst der Eremiten auf dem Berg Karmel.

Im Jahr 1204 wählten die Kanoniker des Heiligen Grabes Albert zum Patriarchen von Jerusalem. Papst Innozenz III. fügte die Aufgaben hinzu. der päpstliche Legat für das Heilige Land und den Nahen Osten. Albert kam 1206 in Palästina an und residierte in Akkon, da Jerusalem von den Sarazenen besetzt war. Auch hier wurde Albert zum Vermittler bei verschiedenen Streitigkeiten. Diese Rolle als Vermittler hat einige zu der Schlussfolgerung veranlasst, dass Albert sich wegen eines Streits zwischen den Mitgliedern mit den Eremiten auf dem Berg Karmel einließ.

Wann genau schrieb Albert seine Lebenslaufformel für die Eremiten ist offen für Diskussionen. Dieses Dokument war an jemanden mit dem Namen "B" gerichtet, der später in der Tradition "Brocard" genannt wurde. Albert wird im Karmeliterorden als "der Gesetzgeber" bezeichnet, weil er ein recht kurzes Dokument verfasst hat, das das Leben der Eremiten auf dem Berg Karmel umreißt. Alberts Lebenslaufformel die schließlich zur Ordensregel wird.

Bis zum 16.^th Jahrhundert wurde das Fest von Albert am 8. April gefeiert. Später war es üblich, sein Fest am 17. September zu feiern. Es gab Versuche, Albert zum Märtyrer zu erklären, aber der Orden feiert ihn weiterhin als "Bischof und Gesetzgeber unseres Ordens".

Mehr lesen hier

Siehe hier die Überlegungen zum Heiligen Albert von Jerusalem mit Fr. Patrick Mullins O. Carm.

Siehe hier die Interview mit Br. Patrick Mullins O. Carmeinem Experten für St. Albert.

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